Test – 1

1. A tort is primarily a wrongful act resulting in:

A.Criminal liability
B. Civil liability
C. Constitutional liability
D. Contractual liability

2. The essential element of tort law is:

A. Mens rea
B. Duty of care
C. Motive
D. Intention

3. The maxim “ubi jus ibi remedium” means:

A.Ignorance of the law is no excuse
B. No remedy for a wrong
C. Where there is a right, there is a remedy
D. Justice delayed is justice denied

4. Battery requires:

A.Mere intention
B. Physical contact
C. Publication
D. Financial loss

5. Defamation consists of:

A.False statement causing physical harm
B. True statement that embarrasses
C. False statement injuring reputation
D. Opinion-based criticism

6. Slander refers to:

A, Written defamation
B. Oral defamation
C. Published truth
D. None

7. Strict liability originates from which famous case?

A.Donoghue v. Stevenson
B. Rylands v. Fletcher
C. Carlill v. Carbolic Smoke Ball
D. Ashby v. White

8. The neighbour principle was laid down in:

A.Donoghue v. Stevenson
B. Blyth v. Birmingham Waterworks
C. Grant v. Australian Knitting Mills
D. Caparo v. Dickman

9. The defence of consent is also known as:

A.Volenti non fit injuria
B. Res ipsa loquitur
C. Actus reus
D. Injuria sine damno

10. Negligence requires:

A.Duty, breach, and damage
B. Intention to harm
C. Malice
D. Criminal act

11. A consumer under the Consumer Protection Act, 2019 is:

A person buying goods for resale
B. A person buying goods for consideration
C. A person receiving goods free of cost
D. A company only

12. The CCPA was established under:

A.CPA 1986
B. CPA 2019
C. FEMA
D. Contract Act, 1872

13. Product liability is introduced under:

A.CPA 1986
B. CPA 2019
C. Contract Act
D. Sale of Goods Act

14. Caveat venditor means:

A.Let the buyer beware
B. Let the seller beware
C. Let the court decide
D. Let the consumer beware

15. Nuisance is an interference with:

A.Life and liberty
B. Possession only
C. Comfort, health, or enjoyment of property
D. Contracts

16. Vicarious liability applies when:

A.Employer is negligent
B. Employee commits a tort in the course of employment
C. Crime is committed
D. Government acts

17. The highest consumer dispute redressal forum is:

A.District Commission
B. National Commission
C. State Commission
D. Lok Adalat

18. E-commerce disputes are covered under:

A.Contract law
B. CPA 2019
C. Partnership Act
D. Company law

19. False imprisonment means:

A.Preventing movement temporarily
B. Illegal confinement without lawful justification
C. Legal arrest
D. Blocking access

20. The principle of res ipsa loquitur applies when:

A.Damage is intentional
B. The thing speaks for itself
C. Evidence is abundant
D. No duty exists

21. Under product liability, the manufacturer is liable when:

A.Fault is proven
B. Product is defective
C. Consumer misuses intentionally
D. Goods are free

22. Medical negligence comes under:

A.Strict liability
B. Tort of negligence
C. Nuisance
D. Contractual breach

23.A tortfeasor is:

A.A. judge
B. A person committing a tort
C. A lawyer
D. A consumer

24. The defence of necessity is valid when:

A.Harm is intentional
B. Harm prevents greater harm
C. No harm occurs
D. Crime is committed

25. Malicious prosecution protects:

A.Wrongful civil suits
B. Wrongful criminal proceedings
C. Defamation
D. Negligence

26. Trespass to land means:

A.Entry without permission
B. Entry with a licence
C. Buying land
D. Trespass to goods

27. Damages in tort aim to:

A.Punish wrongdoer
B. Compensate the victim
C. Increase profit
D. Correct behaviour

28. Contributory negligence is a defence where:

A.Defendant alone is negligent
B. Plaintiff contributed to the harm
C. Both parties are innocent
D. Only damage exists

29. Injuria sine damno means:

A.Damage without legal injury
B. Legal injury without damage
C. No injury, no damage
D. Severe injury

30. Goodwill loss is recoverable under:

A.Contract
B. Defamation
C. Strict liability
D. Consumer law

31. Product liability includes:

A.Manufacturer only
B. Service provider only
C. Manufacturer, wholesaler, and retailer
D. Government only

32. Defect in goods includes:

A.Fault
B. Imperfection
C. Shortcoming
D. All the above

33. False representation falls under:

A.Unfair trade practice
B. Criminal conspiracy
C. Defamation
D. Trespass

34. Consumer mediation cell is at:

A.District Commission
B. State Commission
C. National Commission
D. All

35. Burden of proof in negligence is on:

A.Judge
B. Plaintiff
C. Defendant
D. Police

36. Private nuisance affects:

A.Entire community
B. A specific individual
C. Government
D. Society at large

37. Public nuisance affects:

A.A few persons
B. Community or public
C. Landowners only
D. Companies only

38. Strict liability applies even when:

A.No fault
B. No harm
C. Defendant innocent
D. Consumer breaches contract

39 .The defence to strict liability is:

A.Act of God
B. Negligence
C. Defamation
D. Trespass

40. The CPA 2019 allows filing through:

A.Lawyer only
B. E-filing
C. Offline only
D. State only

41. Consumer rights include:

A.Right to lie
B. Right to be heard
C. Right to exploit
D. Right to evade tax

42. Puffery in advertisements is:

A.Criminal offence
B. Consumer rights
C. Permissible exaggeration
D. Tort of deceit

43. Defamation requires:

A.Publication
B. Intention
C. Profits
D. Government order

44. Tort is derived from:

A.Latin
B. Greek
C. French
D. English

45. Duty of care was expanded by:

A.Rylands v. Fletcher
B. Caparo v. Dickman
C. Stevenson v. Donoghue
D. Hedley Byrne v. Heller

46. The term “consumer dispute” means:

A.Complaint against goods/services
B. Dispute between two traders
C. Criminal dispute
D. Company dispute

47. Manufacturer not liable when:

A.Product defective
B. Consumer misuses the product
C. Service failed
D. Retailer negligent

48. Unfair contracts include:

A.Reasonable terms
B. Excessive security deposits
C. Free services
D. Consumer rights

49. A person who does not pay consideration is:

A.Consumer
B. Not a consumer
C. Partial consumer
D. Unlimited consumer

50. When goods cause injury, the liability is:

A.Criminal
B. Product liability
C. Constitutional
D. No liability

ANSWER KEY — TEST 1

1-B, 2-B, 3-C, 4-B, 5-C, 6-B, 7-B, 8-A, 9-A, 10-A,
11-B, 12-B, 13-B, 14-B, 15-C, 16-B, 17-B, 18-B, 19-B, 20-B,
21-B, 22-B, 23-B, 24-B, 25-B, 26-A, 27-B, 28-B, 29-B, 30-B,
31-C, 32-D, 33-A, 34-D, 35-B, 36-B, 37-B, 38-A, 39-A, 40-B,
41-B, 42-C, 43-A, 44-C, 45-B, 46-A, 47-B, 48-B, 49-B, 50-B.