Forestry

1. Forestry – Definition
   Forestry deals with the management, conservation, and utilisation of forest resources.
2. Importance of Forestry
   Forests provide ecological balance, livelihood support, and raw materials.
3. Types of Forests in India
   Major types include tropical, subtropical, temperate, and alpine forests.
4. Social Forestry
   Social forestry aims at afforestation on community lands to meet local needs.
5. Agroforestry
   Agroforestry integrates trees with crops or livestock for sustainable land use.
6. Farm Forestry
   Farm forestry involves growing trees on private agricultural land.
7. Joint Forest Management (JFM)
   JFM encourages community participation in forest protection and management.
8. Forest Produce
   Forests provide timber, fuelwood, fodder, and non-timber forest products.
9. Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs)
   NTFPs include bamboo, lac, tendu leaves, and medicinal plants.
10. Forest Conservation
    Conservation prevents deforestation and maintains biodiversity.
11. Afforestation
    Afforestation involves planting trees on non-forest lands.
12. Reforestation
    Reforestation restores forests on degraded lands.
13. Forest-Based Livelihoods
    Forestry provides income through NTFPs and eco-tourism.
14. Forest and Climate Regulation
    Forests regulate temperature and rainfall patterns.
15. Carbon Sequestration
    Forests absorb carbon dioxide and mitigate climate change.
16. Biodiversity Conservation
    Forests support diverse plant and animal species.
17. Forest Degradation
    Overexploitation leads to forest degradation and loss of ecosystem services.
18. Forest Policies in India
    National Forest Policy promotes conservation and sustainable use.
19. Forest Fire Management
    Forest fire prevention protects forest resources and wildlife.
20. Urban Forestry
    Urban forestry improves environmental quality in cities.
21. Forest Rights Act
    The Act recognises the rights of forest-dwelling communities.
22. Forestry and Watershed Protection
    Forests prevent soil erosion and protect water resources.
23. Forestry and Sustainable Development
    Forestry supports economic growth while conserving ecosystems.
24. Forestry and Rural Development
    Forestry contributes to employment and income generation.
25. Forestry and NABARD
    NABARD supports afforestation and agroforestry projects.